Inaugural speech Essay Example for Free

Debut discourse Essay Throughout the entire existence of the United States, it has been a custom that the President, gives a debut discourse, when he starts his Presidential expression. The main such debut discourse was made by George Washington, on 30 April 1789. (Halsall Paul ). This paper makes a top to bottom expository examination of one of the notable and significant debut addresses-he one made by President John F. Kennedy, in 1961. He was he thirty-fifth President of The Unites States, and the most youthful President to expect this lofty office. He was the most youthful president to pass on too. He moved on from Harvard University, and spent numerous years in the US naval force. He was a generally excellent essayist likewise, and before expecting the Presidency, he was granted the renowned Pulitzer prize ever. ( John Kennedy) His training gave him the vision of a solid America taking a stab at worldwide harmony, his maritime foundation gave him the overwhelming soul of testing the adversary and his strict greatness helped in drafting a noteworthy debut discourse throughout the entire existence of the United States. His experience is firmly reflected in his debut discourse. This debut discourse was conveyed when world was at a significant crossroads in its history. The foreboding shadows of the subsequent universal war had just disappeared, the conditions of intensity had changed, Germany and Japan were hiding, however USSR had ascended to the degree of a solid super force, continually compromising the super force status of the USA. Extraordinary Britain, France, and China were on a par with nonpartisan not having any desire to go up against with both of the super powers. Both USA and USSR likened the force balance so that neither can make a headway. The remainder of the world intensely depended on the guide of these to countries, to endure and support themselves. Globalization was an unheard word and every country had its own autonomous economy. Markets of every country were shut to outsiders. The virus war between the USA and the USSR for matchless quality had quite recently started, when President John Kennedy made this location. In a tight setting this discourse is planned for the Congress of the USA. Be that as it may, in the more extensive setting, President Kennedy wishes to address the Population of America, southern America specifically, in light of the fact that he takes the torment to make an extraordinary notice of them in his discourse, and guarantees them equity and fairness. The canvas of his discourse is much bigger, and crosses the limits of the United States. He is by all accounts tending to the whole populace of this world. He alerts the solid countries to practice restriction and guarantees help to he more fragile ones to create themselves. The legislature of the USSR is an exceptional objective of this discourse. In an amiable yet harsh and firm way, he stretches out a circuitous notice to the USSR, to be mindful in their dealings with universal issues. President Kennedy expects to give three clear messages in his discourse. One, he weights on the opportunity of each person. He discusses opportunity not just at national level inside the United States, however to every single person. He obviously conveys his brain in one sentence, â€Å"And yet a similar progressive convictions for which our ancestors battled are still at issue around the globeâ€the conviction that the privileges of man come not from the liberality of the state, however from the hand of God. † Undoubtedly, Kennedy solidly accepts that opportunity is a fundamental right of individual, not given by the state, yet by God. As it were, all men are brought into the world free and no state has any privilege to deny this essential right to anybody. He demonstrates his pledge to this opportunity to the locals of southern states, which have encountered a past loaded with pitilessness and ruthlessness. The second point he makes is regarding the matter of harmony and help to the more vulnerable countries. Both at national level and at worldwide level. â€Å" To that world gathering of sovereign expresses, the United Nations, our last best expectation during a time where the instruments of war have far outpaced the instruments of harmony, we restore our promise of supportâ€to keep it from turning out to be just a discussion for invectiveâ€to fortify its shield of the new and the weakâ€and to augment the territory wherein its writ may run†, (John F. Kennedy ) he comments regarding the matter of worldwide harmony and says that. â€Å" To those people groups in the cabins and towns over the globe battling to break the obligations of mass wretchedness, we promise our earnest attempts to assist them with helping themselves, for whatever period is requiredâ€not on the grounds that the Communists might be doing it, not on the grounds that we look for their votes, but since it is correct. On the off chance that a free society can't help the numerous who are poor, it can't spare the rare sorts of people who are rich. † ( John F. Kennedy ). Regarding the matter of helping the more vulnerable nations. His third point is a proposition to the ‘adversaries’ of the USA, in particular, USSR, to take a stab at common co-activity which can profit both he countries and the whole mankind. â€Å"Finally, to those countries who might make themselves our enemy, we offer not a vow but rather a solicitation: that the two sides start once again the journey for harmony, before the dull forces of pulverization released by science immerse all humankind in arranged or unplanned implosion. † ( John F. Kennedy ) He comments. This discourse has two significant inclinations. President Kennedy, however obliging, is completely certain. His certainty is apparent from one sentence of his discourse. â€Å"And let each other force realize that this Hemisphere means to remain the ace of its own home. † (John F. Kennedy). Second, while proposing common co-activity to the foes, he likewise shows at some measure of doubt towards their goals. This is obvious from the announcement, â€Å"remembering on the two sides that politeness is certifiably not an indication of shortcoming, and earnestness is consistently liable to evidence â€Å". ( John F.Kennedy ). The structure of this discourse is additionally solid and has a characteristic stream. Starting with the issue of opportunity of Liberty and of every individual, he switches over to the issue of helping the more vulnerable areas of the American culture and the helpless countries of this world. He at that point makes a concise notice of the UN, and vows American help in its undertakings. Surprisingly, a significant bit of his discourse is committed to the issue of shared co-activity between the two super powers. It is an away from of the significance Kennedy provided for this subject. Be that as it may, the unavoidable issue is, did this subject merit that a lot of need in the predominant global situation around then? This ought to be a subject for students of history to investigation into. He additionally reminds the residents, with a definitive tone, that they likewise need to satisfy their obligations towards the country. † From the phonetic perspective, this discourse is only a perfect work of art of cautious craftsmanship. It's anything but a basic and an immediate discourse. The outside sparkle of amiability is loaded up with inclinations of self-assurance and doubt towards the mentalities and goals of others. Sayings, specifically redundancy and representation are unreservedly utilized all through the discourse, go about as an adornment. One of his announcements in this discourse has gotten acclaimed, and will be recalled by all. This is, â€Å" And in this way, my kindred Americans: ask not what your nation can accomplish for youâ€ask what you can accomplish for your nation. † ( John F. Kennedy ) President Kennedy completely prevails with regards to imparting the three principle messages which he expects to ignore. He succeeds as a result of his style. A style which has the same old thing to state, yet everything is new. The word ‘peace’ has incredible power to draw in masses of mankind, and Kennedy has utilized this word successfully in his discourse. His pledge to harmony and self pride for his country, were, maybe the purposes behind his gigantic ubiquity, not inside America yet around the globe. So incredible is the effect of his discourse, that it tends to be securely inferred that Kennedy conveyed this location not as the President of USA however as a universal chief, to a worldwide network. References : 1. Halsall Paul, [July 1998], History of debut addresses, Retrieved on 29 Sept 07 from: http://www. fordham. edu/halsall/mod/presidents-debuts. html 2. John Kennedy, The White House, Retrieved on 29 Sept 07 from: http://www. whitehouse. gov/history/presidents/jk35. html 3. Burton Grideon O. , Basic inquiries for logical examination, Brigham Young University, Retrieved on 29 September 2007 from: http://way of talking. byu. edu/Pedagogy/Rhetorical%20Analysis%20heuristic. htm 4. John F. Kennedy, [ 20 February 1961] Inaugural location, Retrieved on 29 September 07 from: http://www. bartleby. com/124/pres56. html .

The Role of the Settings in the Novel Passing by Nella Larson

My preferred occasion Do you like occasions? On the off chance that you resemble me you do. On the off chance that you like to commend occasions you could attempt to be energetic about them. I love Halloween since I alarm individuals and go stunt or-treating. My preferred occasion is Halloween since I like treats, frightening individuals, and seeing embellishments. To start with, I like treats, since that is a major piece of Halloween. I love the flavor of all the various confections. At the point when I go stunt or-treating I get the chance to attempt new sweets I haven’t yet. A portion of the time the candy is acceptable and at times not. I live by individuals from various nations so I get the opportunity to attempt many treats. That is one explanation I like Halloween. Second, I like to terrify individuals. At the point when me and my companions leap out of a shrubbery it is entertaining to perceive what individuals do. Another explanation I like to frighten individuals is to see their responses. We will compose a custom paper test on My Favorite Holiday or on the other hand any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page I think it gives the Halloween sprit to everybody as well. That is the reason I like to alarm individuals. Ultimately, I like to see the designs. A few people put out to a lot or to little and it just destroys the entire thing. When there is the perfect measure of beautifications I think it looks cool. I like to get frightened so I like to see all the enrichments. That is the reason I like the beautifications. Taking everything into account, I like Halloween since I like treats, terrifying individuals, and seeing the designs. Candy is my preferred piece of Halloween. Terrifying individuals is my preferred activity on Halloween. I like to see all the unnerving enrichments on Halloween. That is the reason I like Halloween.

Tokyo Story Directed by Yasujir Ozu Essay Example For Students

Tokyo Story Directed by Yasujir Ozu Essay Of Tokyo Story, Roger Ebert composed: â€Å"It honors the film. It says, indeed, a film can assist us with making little strides against our defects. † Jeffrey Overstreet watched: â€Å"These characters never shock us with anything pompous, offensive, or hair-raising. They’re standard individuals, treated with savage consideration that feels like profound regard. † Philip Frenchcalled it â€Å"one of the cinema’s generally significant and moving investigations of wedded love, maturing and the relations among guardians and kids. This is high acclaim for a Japanese movie that the normal moviegoer might not have known about, by an executive who isn’t a commonly recognized name. For what reason does Tokyo Storywin such awards in film buff circles? Let’s remove our shoes by the entryway and explore. The acclaim: Every 10 years, the British Film Institute’s Sight Sound magazine overviews a huge, worldwide gathering of pundits and film specialists to assemble a rundown of the best movies ever. Tokyo Story showed up on the two latest records, at No. 3 of every 1992 and No. 5 of every 2002. The film is likewise remembered for Time magazine and Empire magazine’s arrangements of the best movies of the twentieth century. The specific circumstance: Now thought to be one of Japan’s most noteworthy executives, Yasujiro Ozu (1903-1963) wasn’t notable outside his country until after his demise. His most acclaimed film, Tokyo Story, was made in 1953 however didn’t play in the U. S. until 1972, and it was an additional 20 years before it climbed onto Sight Sound’s once 10 years review. Or, in other words, the story behind Tokyo Story‘s reputation is as moderate moving as the story in Tokyo Story. Ozu began making films during the quiet time, turning out two or three dozen of them, for the most part shorts, somewhere in the range of 1927 and 1932 alone. His work during the 1930s began to move away from satire and toward dramatization and social analysis, and however he wasn’t a significant film industry draw, he was appreciated by Japanese pundits. His profession was hindered by spells in the military during the Second Sino-Japanese War and World War II, and it was after these encounters that he created his most noteworthy movies. Basically everything you’ll ever found out about Ozu relates to one of the 13 motion pictures he made among 1949 and his demise in 1962. They manage customary human encounters like family, marriage, and passing, however Ozu himself never wedded or had youngsters. Tokyo Story was considered and delivered in a similar workmanlike way as the greater part of Ozu’s motion pictures. He and colleague Kogo Noda (who co-composed portion of the considerable number of movies Ozu ever constructed) went through around 14 weeks drinking purpose and composing the screenplay. This was trailed by half a month of exploring areas, at that point four months of shooting and altering. Ozu utilized a ton of a similar cast and group starting with one film then onto the next, which helped things run easily. There was nothing about the task to recommend that it would come to be considered Ozu’s artful culmination; even the title was regularly conventional. (It was one of four Ozu movies to have the word â€Å"Tokyo† in it. Other Ozu titles incorporate Late Spring, Early Summer, Good Morning, Tokyo Twilight, The Only Son, and There Was a Father. ) Part of the explanation Ozu’s motion pictures weren’t sent out toward the West during the 1950s, when peers like Akira Kurosawa were getting a charge out of so much global achievement, was that Ozu didn’t make period pieces or samurai films. Japanese wholesalers didn’t think motion pictures managing present day, unremarkable Japanese life would hold any importance with Western watchers, so they didn’t trouble attempting to send out them. Accordingly, when Ozu’s films did at long last arrive at American shores, cinephiles who were acquainted with Japanese film being about geishas and samurais in light of the fact that those were the main Japanese motion pictures they’d approached were stricken with the sheer conventionality of Ozu’s stories. Besides, Ozu’s films made it to the U. S. at a chance second. .u43fac0792d54162fbf30a2d33033a1bb , .u43fac0792d54162fbf30a2d33033a1bb .postImageUrl , .u43fac0792d54162fbf30a2d33033a1bb .focused content region { min-tallness: 80px; position: relative; } .u43fac0792d54162fbf30a2d33033a1bb , .u43fac0792d54162fbf30a2d33033a1bb:hover , .u43fac0792d54162fbf30a2d33033a1bb:visited , .u43fac0792d54162fbf30a2d33033a1bb:active { border:0!important; } .u43fac0792d54162fbf30a2d33033a1bb .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u43fac0792d54162fbf30a2d33033a1bb { show: square; progress: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-change: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; mistiness: 1; progress: darkness 250ms; webkit-change: haziness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u43fac0792d54162fbf30a2d33033a1bb:active , .u43fac0792d54162fbf30a2d33033a1bb:hover { murkiness: 1; change: obscurity 250ms; webkit-change: mistiness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u43fac0792d54162fbf30a2d33033a1bb .focused content region { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u43fac0792d54162fbf30a2d33033a1bb .ctaText { outskirt base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content enhancement: underline; } .u43fac0792d54162fbf30a2d33033a1bb .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u43fac0792d54162fbf30a2d33033a1bb .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; fringe: none; outskirt span: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; text style weight: striking; line-stature: 26px; moz-outskirt sweep: 3px; content adjust: focus; content embellishment: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/basic arrow.png)no-rehash; position: total; right: 0; top: 0; } .u43fac0792d54162fbf30a2d33033a1bb:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u43fac0792d54 162fbf30a2d33033a1bb .focused content { show: table; tallness: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u43fac0792d54162fbf30a2d33033a1bb-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u43fac0792d54162fbf30a2d33033a1bb:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Analysis and portrayal of basic and constructional thoughts EssayAs film researcher David Desser composed, â€Å"That films were generally plotless and saturated with regular day to day existence caused them to appear on the off chance that not part of, at that point identified with, the French New Wave or the serious style and subjects of Michelangelo Antonioni and Ingmar Bergman. † Tokyo Story fit in with the 1960s craftsmanship house style, despite the fact that it pre-dated it by over 10 years. The film: An old a couple take the long train venture from Onomichi to Tokyo to visit their grown-up youngsters conceivably once and for all, given their propelling age and the separation between the two urban areas. They find that while their kids are happy to see them, no one possesses any energy for them. It’s sort of miserable. What to search for: The movies recounts to an apparently standard story including some apparently normal individuals. However there is something peculiar and reserved about the way Ozu delineates it. The characters talk such that sounds solid and formalized to present day, Western ears. You may ponder: Is this actually how Japanese families associated in 1953? Or on the other hand is it exactly how Japanese moviesdepicted Japanese families in 1953? Would a Japanese watcher in 1953 have thought, as do we, â€Å"Man, it’s dismal that these individuals don’t treat their folks better†? Or on the other hand would the watcher have thought, â€Å"Eh, that’s how life goes†? You’ll be happy to realize that film geeks have been examining the responses to those inquiries for 50 years. Ozu’s style was intentionally formal, which featured (and perhaps misrepresented) the courteousness of Japanese society. However, he was likewise recording the province of Japanese culture at that point, and doing as such absent a lot of analysis or teaching. Desser composes: The film is, incomprehensibly, both seriously separate and gigantically widespread. So totally does the film get from particularities of Japanese culture marriage, family, setting that pundits have contended over the film’s fundamental subjects. Is it about the separation of the customary family in the light of after war changes (increment urbanization and industrialization, which have prompted the decay of the more distant family)? Or on the other hand is it about the certainties of life: kids growing up, getting hitched, moving ceaselessly from home, having offspring of their own, deserting their maturing guardians? In spite of the fact that the film is set in a particular time and spot, such inquiries concerning the breakdown of custom are all inclusive in their intrigue. † Ozu’s visual style is unquestionably phenomenal, however by contemporary, current, Japanese or American guidelines. At the point when a director’s visual style is important, it’s as a rule as a result of something ostentatious, something with spirit. The inverse is valid with Ozu: What makes his movies stand apart is the means by which quiet and tranquil they are, yet how welcoming and warm. He shoots most scenes as though from the point of view of somebody stooping on the floor, watching the activity. This came to be known as the â€Å"tatami shot,† alluding to the conventional Japanese tangle. The camera doesn’t tilt upward, however. It stays level, looking straight ahead, and it never moves. (Roger Ebert says the camera moves just a single time in Tokyo Story, and this is â€Å"more than usual† for an Ozu film. ) When characters have discussions, Ozu will frequently have them look legitimately at the camera, as though we are the other individual. At that point he’ll slice to the next character making their answer, additionally taking a gander at the camera. Indeed, even an easygoing moviegoer won't

Memory and Role Play in The Hours - Literature Essay Samples

Among the many themes explored in The Hours is the effect that certain pivotal moments have on our lives. The first and most obvious of these moments is described in the prologue: Virginia weighs herself down with stones and walks into the river. This moment affects the readers reaction to the rest of the book because the interpretations of Virginias story are always colored by the knowledge that she will eventually take her own life. In a similar sense, Clarissas relationships with Richard and Louis are colored by her memories of them as teenagers. She thinks of these memories as a permanent part of her: She will always have been standing on a high dune in the summer. She will always have been young and indestructibly healthy, a little hung over, wearing Richards cotton sweater as he wraps a hand around her neck and Louis stands slightly apart, watching the waves. Like Virginia, Lauras consideration of suicide hangs over her head for most of the book.The idea of suicide as an escape is one that is particularly important throughout the book. Various characters turn to their imaginations as a means of escaping from the worlds in which they live. Most obviously, Laura seems to be trapped in her role as a wife and mother. When she bakes her cake for Dans birthday, she remakes it to perfection but realizes while looking at it that it will never give her the satisfaction that a work of art would. In her own words, theres nothing really wrong with it, but shed imagined something more this cake shes produced feels small, not just in the physical sense but as an entity. She is in a sense acting out the creative process, but she realizes that her play-acting will not be enough to fulfill her. She gets her inspiration to create from her musings on the life of Virginia Woolf, for whom creating was everything. Virginia, in contrast, feels largely incompetent in her day-to-day life; it is only in creating worlds that she feels competent. After an awkward confrontation with her cook that leaves her flustered and frustrated, she resolves to give her character great skill with servants, a manner that is intricately kind and commanding. Her servants will love her. They will do more than she asks. Clarissa Dalloway does not create her own worlds for escape; instead, she dwells on the worlds of her memory. She reflects that, in a way, her memories will accompany her forever. The memories of her past inform her present because it is so hard to separate her current self from her former self, or her memories of the Richard in her past from the Richard in her present. In a similar sense, reading Mrs. Dalloway influences Lauras perspective on life by offering her the opportunity to visit a different world in her mind.Cunningham says of Laura and her neighbor Kitty, They are each impersonating someone. They are weary and beleaguered; they have taken on such enormous work. The â€Å"enormous work† that Laura has taken on is relegated to her by her role as w ife and mother. In many ways, she has been forced into this role by the expectations of the people around her. Cunningham writes, Laura is married to a celebrated boy, a war hero, from Kittys graduating class and has joined the aristocracy in much the way a homely German princess, no longer young, might find herself seated on a throne beside an English king. The phrasing suggests that Lauras place in life has not been of her own volition, but rather relegated to her by some greater force. Virginia, too, is forced to comply with the expectations of society, with varying degrees of success. She feels incompetent when dealing with her servant as though she is not the person in charge, and she even reflects that her mother and sister had a way with the help that she does not. It is expected that a woman of her class should know how to deal with servants, and because she feels so strangely shy around her cook, she feels as though she has failed at this basic requirement of her household. Clarissa, on the other hand, seems much less distressed by the roles she is expected to fill. Though she does question whether her quietly domestic life is really fulfilling, she does take honest pleasure in the simple routines of her life. In this way, she is the character most at home in the life she lives.Virginia is depicted throughout the book as a tortured-artist figure, which is not at all farfetched in light of the historical evidence of her manic depression and her eventual suicide. Her attitude toward her work is that it is something over which she does not have full, conscious control. She is at one point fearful that her days writing (that fragile impulse, that egg balanced on a spoon) might dissolve before one of Nellys moods. That image stands in stark contrast with the image of Laura calmly and methodically baking a cake that is pointedly not a work of art. The link between creativity and instability, whether mental or domestic, is strong and carries the implication that the two share a causal relationship that is, that creativity is a symptom of instability, or vice versa.

7 20th Century Men Who Made History

We Are A Nation Of Immigrants Essay - 2042 Words

â€Å"As our legislators grapple with the daunting task of immigration reform, one of the few things they agree on is that a fix is long overdue. However, discussion stalls in the heated ideological differences that are part of the American psyche: the rightness of welcoming the huddled masses longing for freedom and a chance at the American dream; and the notion that immigrants deprive native citizens of resources and jobs and weaken the economy. We are a nation of immigrants†. (Unknown, 2016) There is nothing more clearly that shows this divide of thinking than the 2016 Presidential Election. One of the presidential nominee running for office Donald Trump has proposed to outlaw immigrants from regions of the world that have a history terrorism as part of his recommended temporary ban on all Muslims entering the United States a radical amending of U.S. counterterrorism course of action that he argued was crucial to safeguard the peace and security of women and gays in particular. Trump used this rhetoric about immigrants in the wake of the massacre at a gay nightclub, although the shooter involved was born in New York. Donald Trump blamed American Muslims of sheltering terrorists and accused them for the Orlando attack as well as the shooting in San Bernardino, California. â€Å"The Muslims have to work with us,† Trump said in a speech in New Hampshire. â€Å"They know what’s going on. They know that [Orlando gunman Omar Mateen] was bad. They knew the people in San Bernardino were bad.Show MoreRelatedThe Land Of Opportunity : Immigrants1509 Words   |  7 PagesThe Land of Opportunity Immigrants created America, a nation that has embraced immigration. Throughout the years, America developed its â€Å"American Dream† concept, which states that anyone can succeed in the United States as long as that person works hard and does gives up. That concept, hope or dream attracts thousands of individuals, many of which leave their native countries with their hearth full of hope and the illusion of reaching and living the â€Å"American Dream.† However, the wonderful dreamRead MoreThe Framing Of Immigration By George Lakoff And Sam Ferguson906 Words   |  4 Pagesimmigration because when the nation frames immigration, this broad subject is inadequately simplified and therefore the debates and arguments are one sided and unfair. Lakoff and Ferguson further support this claim by using hard evidence to demonstrate that the nation is framing immigration by using the illegal frame, the security frame, and the economic frame. The authors argue that when the nation uses the word â€Å"illegal immigrant†, the nation is framing immigrants as criminals. The authors beginRead MoreThe Framing Of Immigration By George Lakoff And Sam Ferguson906 Words   |  4 Pageshas poor and inefficient discussions on immigration because the nation takes this broad subject and wrongfully simplifies it by framing immigration. Lakoff and Ferguson support this claim by using hard evidence to demonstrate the nation is framing immigration by using the illegal frame, the security frame, and the economic frame. The authors argue that when the nation uses the word â€Å"illegal immigrant†, the nation is framing immigrants as criminals. The authors begin by stating that the word illegalRead MoreImmigration Reform : The United States1312 Words   |  6 PagesDemocrats and Republicans are having a tug of war over finding a solution to allowing illegal immigrants grant citizenship and allowing their families to stay in the this country. Just last month, President Obama had a televised executive decision talking about immigration reform. President Obama discussed how the executive decisions like providing legal status and work permits for more than 5 million immigrants, making the Republicans very reluctant to help support President Obama’s executive decisionRead MoreEssay on Immigration Reform1145 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"We are nation of immigrants. Some came here willingly, some unwillingly. Nonetheless, we are immigrants, or the descendants of immigrants, one, and all. E ven the natives came from somewhere else, originally. All of the people who come to this country come for freedom, or for some product of that extraordinary, illusory condition. That is what we offer here—freedom and opportunity in a land of relative plenty.† (Middletown Journal 2005) We have created the land of free. Nonetheless, thereRead MoreEssay about English Must be the Official Language in America994 Words   |  4 Pagesit says that congress cannot make any laws constricting to a established religion or prohibiting the free exercise. Because of the interpretation of the first amendment immigrants believe that they may come to the United States and maintain the lifestyle and cultures they had lived by in their country of origin. These immigrants are taking advantage of this system, which for them is the American dream. They don’t realize that in the United States one is basically required to adapt to this cultureRead MoreAn Analysis Of Barack Obamas Speech1167 Words   |  5 PagesThere have been an influx of illegal immigrants crossing the southern border and trying to thrive and achieve the American dream however people oppose that because illegal immigrants can pose a threat to the American country due to the number of drug cartels which ru n in Mexico. The United States of America’s former president, Barack Obama addresses the nation over the crises of immigration. Obama writes the speech because of the conflict of multiple illegal immigrants flooding into the United StatesRead MoreChristian History And The Holy Spirit Essay1496 Words   |  6 PagesEvangelical Christians, we write the story of history each day as we work to fulfill the Great Commission (Matthew 28:16-20) through application of the Great Commandment (Matthew 22: 37-40). As such, we soon realize that we are not casual observers or bystanders of history, but actual participants. In other words, we have a responsibility to both understand and interpret the past and then apply the faith we hold amongst the generation and peoples of the here and now. As we obediently apply God’s wordRead MoreImmigration, The Land Of Opportunity For People1478 Words   |  6 PagesOver hundreds of years, immigration has shaped America into who she is today. July 4, 1776, was the day immigrants first stepped onto North American soil and claimed the land as theirs. The impact of migration on a country this big can’t be ignored, especially because the people coming to live in America are usually from Third World countries and are looking for employment and to be shown a better way a life. Like anything else, there are both huge pros and cons to Third World immigration. OnceRead More Immigration into the US Essay977 Words   |  4 Pages All members of the current population of the United States are either immigrants or their descendants, concerns with immigrants and immigration policies have confronted the nation throughout history. This is due mostly because the nation promotes freedom and democracy. There are also unlimited economi c opportunities to improve the material circumstances of peoples’ lives. While foreigners are coming into this country, the political view and public surroundings are changing drastically looking harmful

Quadrotor Helicopter

Question: Describe about the Quadrotor Helicopter? Answer: Introduction A quadcopter or a quadrotor helicopter is a helicopter with multiple rotors, which uses four rotors or motors to perform the upliftment operation. The four rotors attached to it are used to propel the quadcopter. Quadcopter has two fixed pitched propellers, which are identical: two anticlockwise and two clockwise. They are used to control torque and lift by varying the RPM of the rotors. In this project, a quadcopter has been designed, and its hardware has been implemented. The report describes the designing and development part in details. The materials used has also been discussed in the report. The quadcopter so developed, is a working model and take a successful flight. Quadcopter finds a variety of applications in various fields. Some of them are: Research Uses: Where it is used to study the aerodynamics and physics behind it. Military Use: It is used in the military for surveillance and reconnaissance. They are commonly referred to as drones here. They can perform great tasks as they are unmanned. Commercial Use: Their commercial use is on a boom in todays world. They are used for HD photography, for video coverage of events, delivery system to remote locations etc. Many more uses are planned in recent future. Implementation Main Design and Working The rotors of the quadcopter are used to produce thrust. Torque is also produced by them, which is about the centre of rotation. The drag force produced is opposite to the direction of light of the quadcopter. Fig. Torque on each motor on the quadcopter If all rotors are spinning at the same angular velocity, with motors 1 and 3 rotating clockwise and rotors 2 and 4 counter clockwise, the net aerodynamic torque, and hence the angular acceleration about the yaw axis, is exactly zero, which implies that the yaw stabilizing rotor of conventional helicopters is not needed. Yaw is induced by mismatching the balance in aerodynamic torques (i.e., by offsetting the cumulative thrust commands between the counter-rotating blade pairs). Materials Used The main materials needed for building a quadcopter are: propellers, frame, and motors/rotors. In our project, we have used a hybrid combination of plastic and wooden frame. The frame have been crafted out from a sheet of light weight wood, and have been designed according to the need. The propellers are made of plastic, and are of fixed pitch. They are durable and good for the project. Very high RPM brushless DC motors have been used in the project as rotors. The battery is also a very important component needed in the project. The battery used in our project is a Li-Po battery, which is rechargeable. The image of all the components and their assembly has been attached in the Appendix of this project. Result The quadcopter has been designed and implemented on the hardware successfully. The quadcopter takes the flight like it should, and can be manually controlled. It has a microcontroller embedded in it, and it can be programmed to work on its own. The battery once charged can be used to fly the quadcopter for about 15 minutes. Better battery can be used to make it fly for longer durations. The flight dynamics and flying can be controlled by controlling the rotors, as described above. Evaluation A very light weight material has to be used for the quadcopter frame. We have used a combination of plastic and wood. But instead, if we used the whole body made of light weight plastic, it would have been lighter. The se of carbon fibre material is also recommended. It is a very light material, and hence, perfect for the small quadcopter project. It is also very sturdy and can be used to carry weights with the quadcopter as payload. These weight can be camera or GPS devices, or such instruments, if we wish to extend the project further and make it more useable. The use of better battery is also recommended. Through, the battery should be always Lithium ion polymer battery, as it can provide a steady current for a longer duration of time. If the battery has more mAh rating, it could provide current for longer duration, and hence, the quadcopter could take longer duration flights. Also, if we wish to extend the project by integrating other peripherals like camera or GPS device to the quadcopter, a better battery would be needed to power such a device too. The quadcopter can be made wireless by using and integrating a wireless device with it, like Wi-Fi device or a Bluetooth device. Most popular device used with quadcopter are ZeegBee, which are should distance wireless devices. They can be easily integrated and programmed with our project. The project doesnt require any special maintenance. Though, the battery, if not taken proper care of, can become useless after some time. So, it should be properly turned off and disconnect after every use. The charging and discharging cycle should also be kept in mind. Conclusion The quadcopter has become a very important field of research and development. It has been expected to take over many important activities like delivery system, and extensive use in defence. In this project, we have successfully developed and implemented the hardware of a quadcopter. The functionalities of the developed project is: it can take a flight, change direction, change altitude, rotate.

Othello - Change Of Characters Essays (990 words) - Othello, Iago

Othello - Change of Characters Othello - Change of Characters Othello's character during the play is first shown as a hero of war and a man of great pride and courage. The other main characters in the play all form their own opinions of him and as the play continues, his character begins to deteriorate and become less noble. Chronologically through the play Othello's character changes from a flawless military leader, to become a murderer. Also as the play progresses, the other characters in the play change their opinions of Othello which causes the plot to happen the way it did. Throughout the first act of the play, Othello was shown as many different characters depending on who was speaking. Iago complains of Othello's pride and "bombast circumstance" and is angered by the appointment of Cassio, and educated military theoretician of Florence to lieutenant, instead of himself. Although he knows Othello is a proud man, his open and trusting nature in the beginning of the play will be eroded by the conclusion of the plot. As Iago is speaking to Brabantio about Othello, he uses the term "white ewe" to represent Desdemona, and"black ram" when referring to Othello. By using these terms, it shows that he is trying to give a bad impression of Othello when he is speaking to the royal family in Venice, because Othello is a Moor or a Negro. Iago shows his black hatred for the Moor, and his jealousy of Cassio in his first soliloquy and also reveals his evil intentions. As the act continues and Othello is being searched for by a group of people, Iago attempts to incite Othello into anger against Brabantio, but Othello does not take the bait. He feels that he (Brabantio) may do his worst because Othello is assured that his military services to the government will outweigh Brabantio's complaints of him marrying Desdemona. These answers to Iago's persistence show that he is still a character of calmness and dignity, and he still has the self-assurance suitable to command armies of men. When Othello is found by Cassio, he seems to be relieved because he does not like personal conflict, which would have occurred if Brabantio had found him instead. After he is found, Othello is taken to Brabantio where he is interrogated on how he possessed Desdemona enough in order to make her run off with him. Brabantio damns Othello and calls him an enchanter, saying that the "tender, fair, and happy" Desdemona was too shy of marriage, which is why she shunned all of the suitors sent to her. This entire scene helps to establish Othello as an alert and composed leader. Later in this act, Othello offers to explain how he won Desdemona. He chooses not to contradict or deny that he has used "magic" but when the true meaning of the "magic" comes to light it is shown that he used the magic of love and not a conjured magic. Iago also suspects Othello of having some kind of relationship with his own wife, although he doesn't know or even seem to care whether or not his suspicions have any foundation at all. Again, according to Iago, Othello is an "ass" because he has a"free and open nature." This act works as an introduction to the Othello character and shows how other characters react to his presence in different ways. The remaining acts of the play continue to show how the characters react to Othello's lifestyle changes. Even though he must rid Cassio of his lieutenant responsibilities forever, Othello explains how he still loves him. If it were up to him Othello would have reinstated Cassio at the first opportunity, but this would be bad political practice. He wishes to appease Desdemona by doing this but he realizes that he can't. These practices show that he is a good governor and does not wish to arouse hostilities in the city, with an untimely pardon of Cassio. Desdemona tells Emilia that Othello is not the jealous type, which Othello believes to be true himself. However, as the play progresses through Act 3, Othello talks to Iago telling him that their prior conversation gave him reason to suspect Desdemona's motives. As a reader, you can see that Othello's capacity for judgement has deteriorated up to this point, not only is his state of mind changing due to Iago's constant prodding, but his morals have also deteriorated along with his character. As the play winds to a close, the characters continue to show their own opinions on Othello. Many of the characters have

Motherhood is the completion of a womans life

Motherhood is the completion of a womans life Introduction Even from a tender age, every girls dream is to be blessed with children when she grows up, and to be a loving mother to her children. Having children is therefore highly treasured by women if the timing is right.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Motherhood is the completion of a woman’s life specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It, however, goes without saying that women are considered to have passed their prime after they become mothers, and they are automatically alienated from a number of puerile social activities, and affairs of the youth (1). This has led made women dread motherhood to the extent that a myriad of them are unwilling to become mothers after they accidentally become pregnant. Since a woman can become a mother even at teenage, there is need for a change in the stereotypical ideas held by people that motherhood is the completion of a woman’s life. Women should thus be given a c hance to live their life to the fullest regardless of whether they are mothers or not. This will lead to more self discovery and self advancement in young mothers, and it is likely to reduce a number of vices. Reasons why this statement is false The statement â€Å"motherhood is the completion of a woman’s life† is false from a number of perspectives. For example, consider the word â€Å"life† in this statement to mean the socio-economic and intellectual advancement of an individual. In this particular perspective, the statement is false because a woman can substantially advance her socio-economic status as well as her intellectual status even after becoming a mother (2). Thus motherhood is not the completion of a woman’s socio-economic and intellectual advancement. This mentality is an archaic way of viewing life, and thus it can be dismissed as a mere stereotype since it is baseless and thus it has no meaningful justification. 1. Grantly, Read. Childbir th Without Fear. London. Pollinger Limited. 2006. 2. Boulton, Georgina. On Being a Mother: a study of women with pre-school children. 2003. New York, Tavistock Publications.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The sad part of it is that some societies embrace this stereotype, and thus a myriad of women have been forced to make wrong decisions for fear of becoming mothers. The truth is that having children (being a mother) should come with a feeling of accomplishment even if the timing is imperfect. This is evidenced by the bliss that motherhood brings to the lives of women who plan their lives well (3). A woman who bears children without a good plan for the same should also view the children as a blessing and live each day with the pride of accomplishment. This will ensure that the vices associated with unplanned pregnancies are reduced, and that people become more respons ible regarding their sexual behaviour. The following paragraph takes a look at the impacts that the societies that uphold this stereotype has had on women, and what can be done to improve the status quo. Repercussions of this stereotype The stereotype that motherhood is, kind of, the completion of a woman’s life has had numerous repercussions on the contemporary society. In order to understand the extent to which this notion has affected the society, it is important to bear in mind that there is no woman who likes being associated with old age, and no woman likes being old-fashioned.The main negative effects of this stereotype have been evident in young women. For most young women, pregnancy is some kind of a nightmare that should at one time end before delivery. Most young women, therefore, fear the responsibility and status that comes with being a mother and they end up procuring abortions whenever they get pregnant (4). This stereotype has also 3. Finer, Lawrence. 2003. â €Å"Reasons U.S. Women Have Abortions: Quantitative and Qualitative Perspectives†. 2003. 4. Shockney, Heather. â€Å"How Becoming a Mother Has Changed My Life†. 2007. made some women neglect their children in terms of breast feeding, and it has also increased cases of surrogate motherhood. From a moral point of view, this is a very serious repercussion since it can be speculated that with a respectable status being attributed to motherhood, many young girl will be proud to deliver children when they accidentally get pregnant.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Motherhood is the completion of a woman’s life specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Conclusion As evidenced in the discussion above, the stereotypical idea that women complete their life when they become mothers is ungrounded. This misconception has led young women to be involved in many unethical activities in a bid to preserve their youthfulnes s. As stated above, many young women who accidentally become pregnant are forced to abort their pregnancies for fear of the disgrace that comes with being a young mother. These occurrences are very unfortunate especially considering the fact that some of these young girls may be willing to keep their pregnancies. From this discussion, it is apparent that the idea of viewing motherhood as the completion of a woman’s life has more or less had purely negative effects on women, and the society at large. Such baseless stereotypes should be strictly discouraged at all costs to prevent them from becoming part of the society. Bibliography Boulton, Georgina. On Being a Mother: a study of women with pre-school children. 2003. New York, Tavistock Publications. Finer, Lawrence. 2003. â€Å"Reasons U.S. Women Have Abortions: Quantitative and Qualitative Perspectives†. 2003. Web. Grantly, Read. Childbirth Without Fear. London. Pollinger Limited. 2006. Shockney, Heather. â€Å"How B ecoming a Mother Has Changed My Life†. 2007. Web.

Ethical Foreign Policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Ethical Foreign Policy - Essay Example In addition a global discourse of human rights is emerging, which in turn, reflects in a large number of international legal instruments.2 This discourse warrants intervention where rights are being abused on a large scale and where at the same time a global opinion in favour of democracy is observed. Why This is primarily because the "in time" availability of information makes the issue more sensitive since the natural instinct of "helping" in human nature is effectively activated. In addition due to a more accessible world people and governments (representative of the people) feel themselves to be more attached with the affairs of others as they directly or indirectly affect them politically, economically or sheer as per the national morality/psyche. This essay will first clarify ethical foreign policy. It will then examine foreign policy ethics and interests. Thirdly, it wills discuses how to construct ethical foreign policies in a government. Finally it will conclude that the most important points in the study, with a recommendation for any future work. It iWhat is ethical foreign policy It is not reflective of actual practice to posit a dichotomy between, on one hand, an ethical foreign policy, and on the other, a non-ethical foreign policy.3 The growing interaction amongst nation state at international canvass has made it impossible that the action of one state is devoid of the effect on other state. This existing interconnectedness of actions of one state and the effects on the other state had made it impossible to have foreign policy which is devoid of ethical strings. However, the depth and breadth of ethical paradigms might be different for different nations. Therefore, the issues are focused on rather how governments act ethically, according to certain criteria, and how they balance competing ethical claims. The governments must be pragmatic, because they cannot formulate foreign policy from a predetermined ethical standpoint.4 The pedestal of "ethical standpoint" has to be different for every government. The reason is that the intensity or the will to follow the ethical strings/viewpoints or even formulation of those, is directly proportional to numerous factors within the government which include military/economic might and the resultant fall out on the nation, of the event taking place. Example That is exactly what happened in case of Iraq War. To have a nuclear weapon, if seen from ethical stand point of protecting one's country, was justified from Iraq's point of view. However, US saw it as a direct threat to itself in particular and world in general. This led US to adopt pre-emptive strategy. On the other hand many of the world nations were not interested in US strategy as they were viewing the issue from the "ethical stand point" of engaging and resolving issue through dialogue with Iraq. Further, the resultant expected destabilization of the region and loss of life was not thought to be ethical enough by those nations. Reality is that US did go for the war because it had the

Choose a contemporary issue and offer an equally outrageous solution Essay

Choose a contemporary issue and offer an equally outrageous solution to highlight its importance - Essay Example Induced abortions according to World Health Organization (19) include those that are performed in relation to legal sanctions and those done against the law. The term therapeutic abortion, strictly defined, according to World Health Organization (19) refers to medically indicated abortion for women whose life or health is in danger in the case of continuation of pregnancy or if the health of the unborn child is threatened by congenital or genetic factors. We are faced by this issue of abortion, and it affects ladies mostly. There are various reasons why ladies opt for an abortion. Kim argues that (7) each year throughout the world forty-six million women chose abortion; that means every two seconds three women choose abortion. Even in the U.S., where there are more than 1 million abortions a year. Many ladies say the following reasons as to why they have an abortion. (Kim, 8-10). they have abortions to save their lives, they might have an abortion because rape or incest caused her pr egnancy, she might have health problems, she might be concerned with the health of the fetus, she might be too young to mother a child Abortion has only an advantage when either of the fetus is in danger, or the mother is in danger. The danger may vary from the mother to fetus, but if the mother's condition is in danger, then abortion is advised. There are many benefits to remaining un-pregnant â€Å"advantages of abortion† (Hill) and he continues to write that, there is solid research proving that having an abortion improves a young woman’s educational outcome. Hill provides a report by Battle Creek which says, â€Å"young women frequent state the issue of unplanned pregnancy and its impact on their financial future and educational as some of the key reasons for seeking abortion. Study findings, legitimates concern, for young women who conceive before the age of 21 and opt for an abortion has better educational outcomes compared to those who conceive before age of 21 and do not go for abortion. â€Å"Abortions Among Young Women and Subsequent Life Outcomes,† by David M. Fergusson et al., published in the March 2007 issue of Perceptiveness on Sexual and Reproductive Health, uses longitudinal data from Christ church Health and Development Study in New Zealand to analyze the extent for the decision abort has advantages to a woman† In an article of â€Å"Pros and Cons about Abortion†, it is argued that, many a times’ abortion helps safeguard woman’s health. There are women who suffer from various hazardous medical conditions such as heart disease, kidney, severe hypertension, and sick-cell anemia. These diseases can be life threatening and an abortion can be used to help prevent these conditions from affecting the mother. It continues to give another reason that, in male chauvinist societies, women are considered nothing more than child bearing machines. Therefore, an abortion provides an individual identity to the woman where she can make a decision on the fate of her child. From my own personal view, trying to look at the stated advantages of abortion, I can say that, there is none. Why, because, one is denying another person a life, same to murder, a fetus, even if still in the womb, its living, its life maturing, it is growing, hence abortion cuts short its life. Arguing from the point of; taking away life of a living thing is so wrong according to

Answering Questions Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 12

Answering Questions - Research Paper Example Hogan is incredibly light in her touch in connecting these ideas, relying on the inbuilt notions of her reader more than her own prowess. Answer: Hogan’s tone is incredibly personal, and she tries to bring out the magic of her subjects to give a sense of wonder to her reader. She starts out by being incredibly personal, telling about her own life, which helps build a report and avoids any stilted formality. She then moves on, however, to connect her life to the wonders of the cosmos in the form of the voyager space craft, expanding her vocabulary and putting herself in the context of the wider universe. She thus minimizes both herself and her reader, asking them to see themselves in the context of the wonder of the universe. Answer: I think that it is a natural human impulse to put our best foot forward, and in that way we were somewhat honest to ourselves in leaving some things out. We sent this to be a craft that was supposed to demonstrate who humans want to be, the best of our capabilities, not the worst. To answer this question, ask yourself if it would be wise to tell a stranger the best and worst things about you all at once when you first meet them. In any society on the planet Earth, the answer would be a definitive no. We were being honest to who we are: people who want the universe to think well of us. Finally, putting the bad in with the good might codify the bad: make the bad okay, normal, who we

Essay --

Apollo 13 experiences major malfunctions which end up changing the mission from landing on the moon to now just trying to return to earth with all of the crew still alive. This movie illustrates how the leaders can develop a new vision and values, and how the team can come together and collaborate under high stress situations. Their vision changes from landing the astronauts on the moon to just getting the astronauts back to earth safely when there is an unexpected explosion in the service module. Even under a ridiculous amount of pressure, the crew was able to communicate efficiently and use their decision making skills to help solve the problem effectively. Apollo 13 is all about how their team effort and leadership skills come together to overcome what they thought would be a horrifying ending. Gene Kranz who was the flight director and in charge of the mission control team, developed a set of values; discipline, morale, toughness, competence, commitment, and team work to approach the situation. These set of values helped build the chemistry that kept them together during all of the different difficulties that had to face and helped the reach success in the end. For every seemingly impossible situation, Mr. Kranz gives new liveliness and vision to the team by his response always being â€Å"we need to find a way to make it work.† His leadership focuses on path goal theory. During his meetings when they were trying to develop a re-entry plan, he was only worried about making sure they were taking the right steps to bring the astronauts back safely. He explains to his colleagues what the proposals are, considers new thoughts, and is very supportive of everyone’s ideas. He clarifies the main goal and uses his relationship with everyon... ... go well and end safely. Marilyn displays personal integrity when she demands to know what is going on with the mission after she sees the news report on TV. She shows self-confidence when she calls and demands to know what’s going on and is will not hang up until she gets answers. During the whole situation she holds herself together under all of the stress, showing her emotional maturity. Gene Kranz and Jim Lovell are the main people who show how a leader is able to influence and lead the team when an unexpected situation occurs. When they’re having to face issues, conflicts, and achieving goals, making sure that your crew is focused is very important. No matter what pressure or conflict they were dealing with, they were able to make decisions fast and effectively. The leadership and team structure were the main reasons behind the ground team’s incredible work.

Development of Anti-Idiotype Vaccine for Human Follicular Lymphoma

Non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas (NHL) constitute a heterogeneous group of malignancies whose incidence has significantly increased in recent decades. In the year 2000, more than 145,000 cases of NHL were diagnosed in developed countries, representing thus the sixth most common cancer occurring among men and the eighth among women. Low-grade B-cell NHLs, in particular, are incurable diseases characterized by relatively slow growth and excellent initial responsiveness to chemotherapy but also by continuous relapses. In particular, for patients with follicular lymphoma, median overall survival (7-10 years) has not improved over the past 30 years. Although in the vast majority of patients complete or partial remissions can be obtained with either single agents or combination chemotherapy, the clinical course is characterized by a high relapse rate. After relapse, both the response rate and relapse-free survival after subsequent salvage treatment regimens steadily decrease, resulting in a median survival of only 4-5 years after the first relapse. These clinical findings, coupled with the substantial toxicities of standard treatments, have stimulated the search for novel and more tumor-selective therapies.Follicular lymphoma is a clonal B cell malignancy that expresses a unique antigen that is formed by the immunoglobulin light and heavy chains that possess highly variable regions at their amino termini. These variable regions combine to form the antigen recognition site, which can itself be recognized as an antigen, termed the idiotype. The antigen-binding site is a structural feature of each immunoglobulin that distinguishes it from other immunoglobulins. The idiotype of a particular clonal B cell lymphoma represents a tumor-specific antigen. Idiotype is a target of interest in human lymphoma.Therapeutic vaccines targeting B cell lymphoma idiotype (Id) represent a promising immunotherapeutic approach for a better clinical control of these malignancies.Immunoglobulin (Ig) molecules are composed of heavy and light chains that possess highly variable regions at their amino termini. B-cell malignancies are clonal proliferations of Ig-producing cells. The idiotypic determinants of the surface Ig can thus serve as a tumor-specific marker for the malignant clone.Indeed, both protein- and dendritic cell-based vaccines that use the patient-specific Id have resulted in clinically significant tumor-specific cellular responses with very little toxicity. A broad use of Id-based vaccination for B cell lymphomas, however, is hampered by the fact that these approaches are patient-specific so that the vaccine must be individually produced for each patient. On these grounds, new strategies obviating the need to produce customized vaccines would further simplify clinical applications of idiotypic vaccines.Goals:Goal 1:Establishment of a large database including sequences of idiotypic VH and VL genes expressed by a variety of lymphoproliferative disorders, includ ing low grade B-NHL, autoimmunity-associated lymphoproliferations, and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. This will allow the identification of candidate Id proteins for â€Å"cross-reactive† immunotherapy.Goal 2:Pre-clinical characterization of the immunogenicity of selected natural Id proteins, with particular regard to their ability to induce immune responses against lymphoma cells expressing molecularly correlated Id proteins. The characterization will include the identification of B cell epitopes and HLA Class I-restricted cytotoxic T cell epitopes using innovative approaches and will allow the development of dedicated assays for immunomonitoring.Goal 3:Design and validation of optimized Id vaccine.Goal 4:Evaluation and validation of new adjuvants and innovative delivery systems for improved Id vaccine formulations and administration.Goal 5:â€Å"Clinical-grade† production and purification of optimized Id proteins for patient vaccination.IntroductionThere are approxima tely 65,000 new cases of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma diagnosed each year in the US with a comparable number in Europe. Despite the use of aggressive chemotherapy and recent advances in therapy such as monoclonal antibodies (Rituxan, TM), the disease is almost invariably fatal. Follicular lymphoma (FL) patients, in particular, can have an indolent but ultimately fatal clinical course. The median relapse time for FL patients is three years, with 90% of patients dying of a tumor-related mortality within 7 years of the date of diagnosis.The clinical course is usually characterized by a series of remissions and relapses. Good response rates are seen with treatments such as chemotherapy, radiation, lymphocyte transplantation, and monoclonal antibodies. However, following initial response to treatment, the cancer invariably returns and the majority of patients relapse with resistance to all available therapy. Related B-cell derived neoplasms include multiple myeloma (approx. 15,000 cases /year in the US and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (approx. 10,000 cases/year in the US).Isolation of tumor-specific antigens (TSAs) has been a long sought-after goal for scientists involved in both basic and clinical research. Whereas tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) are localized on both normal and tumor cells, TSA are peculiar to tumor cells. This characteristic makes TSA a very desirable target for immune therapy strategies aiming to spare normal cells, or at least the indispensable ones.As regards effectors mechanisms, although some indirect evidence exists for participation of both natural killer (NK) cells (especially those activated by IL-2, known as lymphokine- activated killer, or LAK cells), and TNF-secreting macrophages in tumor immunity, most interest has been focused on the role of antigen-specific antibodies and T lymphocytes. This is particularly true among scientists developing anti-Id vaccines for human FL, even though no substantial agreement has yet been reached on which of the two main effectors pathways is most important.FL conforms to the general rule that tumors have several mechanisms to escape the attention of the immune system. The risks that Ig somatic hypermutations could result in aminoacid residue replacements leading to substantial changes within the fine immunogenic structure of the Id do not seem to be so relevant. Indeed, no such occurrence has been reported in any of the several dozen patients who have been immunized over the last decade. A much more relevant issue is the very limited ability of FL cells to present their own antigens.Although ontogenetically very close to normal mature B-lymphocytes, with respect to their normal counterparts FL cells are very poor as antigen presenting cells (APCs). This makes it rather difficult to evaluate any vaccine-induced, tumor-specific cytotoxicity even in vitro. On the other hand, no such problems exist for ELISA-based detection of the tumor-specific and vaccine-induced humoral respon se.The first study of anti-Id vaccinations in humans dates only from 1992. Until then, all the work had obviously been confined to animal models. However, the accumulation of experimental data has led to the development of several promising strategies that are currently being investigated in clinical trials. These include the utilization of the Id in the form of a soluble protein or as a DNA sequence, either used to pulse dendritic cells (DCs) or else to be administered in combination with immunologic adjuvants.Soluble protein Id vaccine production is based on a hybridoma technique, which in vitro allows production of exactly the same Ig as that present on the surface of the clonal B cells of FL, or in other words the tumor-specific Id. The suspension of single cells obtained from a biopsy specimen almost invariably contains a residual population of normal B-lymphocytes alongside the tumor cells. Screening of the hybridomas by means of Ig heavy chain CDR3 PCR identification is there fore required in order to make sure that the Ig of the selected hybridoma is truly identical to the tumor- associated one.31 Once the cultured hybridoma has yielded enough purified Id, the TSA needs to be made far more immunogenic than it is in its free form. For this purpose, it may either be conjugated with a highly immunogenic carrier such as keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH), or else used to pulse autologous DCs.The association of a soluble protein Id vaccine with immunologic adjuvants monocyte colony-stimulating-has also proved extremely important. Granulocyte factor (GM-CSF) currently seems to be the best such adjuvant both in animal models and humans, probably because of its capacity for local recruitment of DCs in vivo at the site of vaccine injections. This step would appear to be superfluous when autologous DCs are loaded with Id ex vivo and then re-injected into the patient.A completely different alternative approach involves administration of the patients’ Id-encodi ng DNA sequence. With the rise of molecular technology, such DNA vaccines are beginning to come into their own. For instance, exploitation of appropriate molecular vectors (ie containing both a leader and promoter sequence) for insertion of the nucleotide sequences responsible for biosynthesis of both the Ig heavy and light chains variable regions is now relatively easy.Between the heavy- and light-chains variable regions sequences, an intertwined linker peptide must also be inserted to allow the ultimate Id-containing molecule (scFv) to fold properly. Furthermore, the vaccine can be further strengthened by adding other DNA sequences encoding for immunologic adjuvants or powerful immunogens to the vector. Finally, intramuscular injections allow progressive release of the Id following synthesis by muscular cells. In addition, this administration route seems to be associated with prolonged conservation of the genetic information within the cells without any apparent signs of integrati on into their genome.Experimental DesignGoal 1:Establishment of a large database including sequences of idiotypic VH and VL genes expressed by a variety of lymphoproliferative disorders, including low grade B-NHL, autoimmunity-associated lymphoproliferations, and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. This will allow the identification of candidate Id proteins for â€Å"cross-reactive† immunotherapy.In establishing a database, there will be steps to follow in order to support the evidences claimed.I. Finding the cases and the occurrence of VH and VL in lymphoproliferative disorders in different hospitals and institutions that could provide valuable information for the said disorders. The facts and information should have the confirmed consent of the persons involved.II. Subjecting the cases to thorough analysis to provide the essential information needed in documenting the cases.III.   Testing the subject under the identification of Id proteins.IV. Organizing the information and est ablishing the database.Methods:Establishing a database to easily organize information and data needed in making the information available readily whenever they will analyze situation in which there is a suspected occurrence of lymphoproliferative disorder. By providing the information needed, they could develop system that would make things easier for them to do actions required in addressing such situation.Primary step is consolidating all the available facts and information provided that they have the consent from the owner of the information. By having the desired facts available for the reorganization of it, they could classify it according to the general category they want to use in creating their database. It could be based on severity of the case or could be base on gender or any factor that could greatly affect the situation.Then, by gathering the information they needed, the analysis of the data should be carefully done for them to eliminate excess and negligible data for a n easier organization of the structure of their available resources. By implicating the main thrust of the database to the core concept of having advance cases of NHL, the higher chance they could get the information and the data based on the clinical findings of actual patients and people who suffered from that.By simply opening the way of introducing different vaccines in addressing the situation, they could develop a system of transferring and managing information that could make things easier especially in developing new technology and medicinal advancement in creating a better and more effective ways of treating such disease. By making the information more manageable, they could likely innovate an advance communication that would lead them in establishing better information and data management for the use of the development of vaccines and cures.Since they have the information but they should examine carefully every bit of information that will be a part of their set of data an d facts. By looking closely to the subjects result and the specification of the action done, the development of such process in introducing a new finding on the matter should be considered. Since the goal is to establish a database that will focus on the information that could provide the facts needed on the cases diagnosed with a NHL, it is important to screen the cases as important and not negligible for them to be able to use it as a case.At the end of the process, they would go back to their primary goal and that is to establish a functional database that the core information and the key factors are integrated in a way that it would make the processing of facts and vital data would be efficient and effectively handled.Also, it will introduce technology that would compensate the fast rising of development in technological advancement even in the field of medicine. Because there are ready to use valuable information for them to handle and initialize their desired action, they woul d be able to commend the different opportunities in which they could get specimens and studied it for future discoveries and researches.In all, by their incorporation of the cases of NHL and their desired goal of making the information available for them to be able to easily study and review the situations and cases they previously have for them to execute and evaluate the validity of the existing tests in the current occurrence of the disease in the real place.Goal 2:Pre-clinical characterization of the immunogenicity of selected natural Id proteins, with particular regard to their ability to induce immune responses against lymphoma cells expressing molecularly correlated Id proteins. The characterization will include the identification of B cell epitopes and HLA Class I-restricted cytotoxic T cell epitopes using innovative approaches and will allow the development of dedicated assays for immunomonitoring.In dealing with the pre-classification of the immunogenicity of selected natu ral Id proteins, the processes involved are:I.   Accumulating soluble proteins to be tested.II. Testing them with hybridoma essential in testing the equivalence of the tumor inducing material that leads to development of the tumor.III.   Inducing the effect of the proteins and identifying its effect on B cells.IV. Using advance technique in analyzing the result and implicating with the use of the modern testing equipment and processes.Accumulation:Testing the proteins for it to be classified will be the first step. From the patients who are suffering from FL, different samples will be getting for the medical technology to be applied. Then by cultivating natural proteins, they will use it to further test the capacity of the natural cell in penetrating and deeply interacting with other Id proteins in the development of resistance to such substance.By eradicating some external factors such as the presence of other organisms, they could screen the protein level for them to be able t o produce and test the Id proteins by exposing it to toxoids that could develop resistance on the desired solution. Then, the Id proteins gathered will be stored for further testing.Testing:Then, preparation of the Id protein to be tested will be carefully done in a controlled environment. Since the tumor development can not be detected by the immune system, the development of inducing material will be necessary for them to penetrate the basic defenses of the tumor.By exposing it to NKL, tumor will exhibit a different behavior but will not be extinguished. Since B cells epitope derived multiply myeloma that had been the major cause of the return of the behavior of the tumor cells, the gradual exposing it to be classified by soluble Id proteins will be dedicated.The allowance of certain percent productivity will be the basic goal of the clinical testing for them to be able to derive the pre-classification scheme that will determine substances that induce immunity on certain level wit h the use of soluble and Id protein present in the environment.Effect and its IdentificationAfter the testing had been carefully done, they will examine its effect on various elemental positions by trying the substance on the possible outcome. Then, FL cells will be isolated then proteins will be added to see the effect on the neoplasms produced by B-cells. Since the outcome would produce certain behavior that will exhibit a different expected one, the process will be repeatedly associated with soluble proteins to target the development of TSA since it target tumor cells.Analyzing the ResultThen, the result will be analyzed in a way that it consistently produces same output. Then after looking closely and making sure that no other substance induced the effect, the validity of the result will be the next concern in analyzing the data. For it to be valuabe, the result should consist the scientific analysis of the vaccine to be introduced for them to be able to adopt a real one.Goal 3: Design and validation of optimized Id vaccine.Since the protein had been introduced in TSA that would target tumor cells, it is important to develop the next stage wherein it will pay attention to that. Tumor cells, after being extinguished by some other methods, always come back and provide a worse situation that before. It is a common problem of the development of cure because as soon as they introduce stronger antigens and antibiotics, the cells develop stronger immunity to them, making them more powerful and gave them the power to come back and come back whenever they are defeated.The result of the previous testing of the material will be used as the raw data in determining the precise development of the vaccine needed for the tumor cells. Toxoids produced by microorganisms will be introduced to the tumor cells for them to create an astounding reaction with the cells to help the antigens produce a better shield to the tumor cells.They would also address the production of its own immunity by targeting the B cells epitopes produced by the tumor cells for them to be able to weaken the effect of the tumor cells in the body. By simply having the same effect on the cells, they would establish the immunity desired.In addition, since soluble proteins produces amino acid residue, the effect of it to the development of various outgoing tumor cells will be beneficial in the sense that it would catch up the screening proves by a hard core stimulation of heavy chain CDR3 PCR. Then, the use of material that would likely predict the behavior will also introduce for the existing antigen to determine it.Goal 4:Evaluation and validation of new adjuvants and innovative delivery systems for improved Id vaccine formulations and administration.After having the result of the vaccine being tested hand-on on the tumor cells, the activation of the production of antigens will be manipulated for those to be able manage the outcome of the result. By having the systematic chain of micr o toxoids that will enter the entire system of the body, they would likely produce different kinds of reactions that would benefit the production of self stimulating antigens.By exposing it to different procedures that would attest the certainty and validity of the desired production, after introducing different sets of toxoids and NK cells, the development of the self inducing multiple protein will help in eradicating the symptoms and the effect of FL.It is known that FL is fatal in terms of its effect on the human entire system. So it is important to devise a precise way of handling and dealing with it for them to be able to have an outer perspective of the natural phenomena.Id proteins will act as binders to the solutions that will be used in strengthening NK cells and TSA to promote the development and inhibit the further production of malignant development of tumor cells. By preventing the further growth of it, they would have larger revenue in which they could satisfy the need s and the improvement for having a stronger antigen.Then, natural growth of TSA will be affected by the inducing of soluble protein to target dendritic cells for them to be able to manifest the basic function of fighting foreign toxins that could affect the development of the tumor as a vital implication of the vaccine. The use of different methods in determining the feasibility of inducing the growth and the development of natural antigens that would be sufficient enough to fight the invading tumor cells will be of great use for them to be able t produce more antigens that will prevent the further worsening of the situation.Validating the use f the vaccine as one of the potential sources of defense against the foreign material invading the system would be beneficial if the could handle the needs of having a more systematized and organized level of founding a solution that would focus on the elimination of cell processes that inhibits the growth of malignant tumor like FL that is fa tal to humans.Subjecting enough NK cells to further strengthening process will help them in making the process worthwhile I making a protein Id that would address the situation as founding solution to the antigen development.Goal 5:â€Å"Clinical-grade† production and purification of optimized Id proteins for patient vaccination.After developing the vaccine the process would involve the following:I.   Purifying the Vaccine to be prepared.II.   Final VerificationIII. Mass ProductionIV.   Patient VaccinationPurificationAfter devising the vaccine, the next step is purifying it by eliminating microorganisms that would have effects on the vaccine. By continuously subjecting the vaccine into different microorganism killing environment, they would lessen the potential of having such. Radiating and constantly developing processes will be sufficient in terminating such microorganisms.Final VerificationAfter the purification of the vaccine, a method will be done for them o be abl e to test if the results are really valid by having it tested for final verification. It is important to deal with it because the importance f verifying the vaccine would greatly affects its validity in the medical society. By having it tested trough lab rats or animals that have developed FL tumors; they would be injected with such vaccine for them to see if the previous results will e the same.Mass ProductionAfter the verification process, the next process will involve producing the vaccine enough for human consumption. The proteins that deal with the development of TSA would have a various report on it validity and essentialism for them to be able to have a developed system of introducing vaccines.VaccinationAfter the production and the vaccine is ready to use, it would be given to the patients, as long as it is approved by the medical board, to be sued as vaccine against the development of FL into malignant tumors that endangered the lives of many people. Then, by having the sys tem of production of certain involvement of the NK cells within the hybridoma of dendritic cells, the vaccine will be of much use since it will introduce antigens that will prepare the body for the possible FL development.Since there are certain kinds of toxoids that will be introduced, there will be a harsh reaction at first to the place where it is injected because of the behavior of the toxoids and the T cells of the body. This is a sign that the vaccine is effective and doing a reaction that would strengthen the immune system of the body.DiscussionAfter the development of the vaccine in FL, it is important to understand the need of developing such because of its adverse effect on the development of humans. It endangered the lives of many people without having the prior notification of the said disease. This is a vital step in the clinical world.Considering the existence of the natural antigens present in the environment, by the use of Id proteins that inhibits the growth of tumo r cells; it would be beneficial to mankind if the continuous development will take place. By exploring the kind of the interaction ventured in this kind of process, the elemental composition of the vaccine would be developed to address the needs of the people in having the desired implication of the subject process.The processing of vaccine would include the development of stages in which it would acknowledge the presence of the cells responsible for the development of the disease. In effect, they would have a better understanding on the subject, matter and would increase the possibility of having a curable state.By implicating the notion of having a different technique in addressing the development of the vaccine, the question left for it is how long would it last for them not only to develop vaccine but also to develop a cure that would forever block the negative effects of the disease. By using and ensuring the safety of the user, they would have a proper citation of the needed p lan for them to be able to execute the importance of the vaccine and its use in the modern life.Furthermore, by examining the application of the vaccine in the curing of the disease, we would see the importance of development and use of innovating techniques in determining the possible outcome of the curing of the disease.Finally, the consideration of the process if it fits the standards of the medical consideration despite the fact that there exist different processes that involve much medicinal advancement should take into consideration the impact of the introduction of this vaccine prior to the ethical understanding of the matter.   Since FL can be considered as one of the deadliest disease that one can have, the help of having a vaccine against it is beneficial to the human industry.

Of Mice and Men Essay - 690 Words

Of Mice and Men nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; During the time of the depression, an author by the name of John Steinbeck wrote a novel called Of Mice and Men. The novel’s setting is in Southern California during the same time period. John Steinbeck shows us that friendship is a valuable thing to have in the novel Of Mice and Men. The book expresses how friendship can get you through hard times and help you keep going. Two of the characters in the novel named George and Lennie, have a relationship that describes the perfect friendship in my opinion. They are always there for each other and always have each others back. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;George and Lennie and two very different types of people.†¦show more content†¦George also help Lennie get his job on the ranch by using his intelligence and telling the boss,† He can do anything you tell him. He’s a good skinner, he can rassel grain bags, drive a cultivator. He can do anything . Just give him a try.†(22) Lenny also cares a lot about George, George is perceived as Lennie’s role model. He tries to do things just like George and he does whatever George tells him. One time a bunch of people where down by the Sacramento River, and George turned to Lennie and said ,†Jump In.†(40) Lennie didn’t know how to swim and he almost drowned, but he jumped in just because George told him to. â€Å"Lennie coulda bust every bone in† Georges body â€Å" but Lennie never lifted a finger against â€Å" George.(40) Lennie is also very protective of George. One night all the bo ys on the ranch went into town except Lennie and Crooks, a black man who is the stable hand. Crooks wanted to mess with Lennie and asked him what would he do if George got hurt of killed that night. This made Lennie really mad that Crooks would even said that George would get hurt and he told Crooks,†Ain’t nobody goin’ to suppose no hurt to George.†(72)Lennie thinks the world of George and he doesn’t wanted anybody even thinking about hurting George. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The relationship between George and Lennie in the novel Of Mice and Men, shows how a true friendship should go. They were by eachShow MoreRelatedOf Mice and Men1242 Words   |  5 PagesOf Mice and Men Thomas Hobbes in his Leviathan states that, in the state of nature mans life is nasty, brutish and short. In depression era America, no greater truth could be said. There were millions unemployed, largely unskilled and living on the margins of society. The lowest of the low were the migrant labourers travelling from place to place trying to scratch a living. They often had to travel illegally by freight car with all its consequent dangers. Their life expectancy was low, crimeRead MoreOf Mice and Men961 Words   |  4 PagesPeople have a tendency to lose sight of their goals and dreams. Mentally, people struggle to maintain their sanity in this game of life that has no set of rules. In the book Of Mice and Men, this story portrays the inequality between people’s dreams and what can actually be accomplished. John Steinbeck, the author Of Mice and Men, utilizes his general themes of friendship and loneliness, through his deep characterization and connection between characters i n order to illustrate â€Å"The American dream.† TheRead MoreOf Mice and Men1352 Words   |  6 PagesOf Mice and Men Essay - Fate or Choice? Choice is defined by the ‘Shorter Oxford Dictionary’ as; â€Å"The act of choosing; preferential determination between things proposed.† It also states the definition for fate; â€Å"The principle, power, or agency by which events are unalterably predetermined from eternity.† Is our life choice, can we determine our fate by choosing our path or is our destiny determined for us? John Steinbeck puts forward this question in his novella Of Mice and MenRead MoreMice and men1998 Words   |  8 PagesHey this essay is about me not having one and just wanting a free account.GCSE JOHN STEINBECK The first 200 words of this essay... à ¯Ã‚ »Ã‚ ¿Of Mice and Men Essay à ¢Of Mice and Menà ¢ is the fictional short novel written by John Steinbeck in 1937. Steinbeckà ¢s perspective when writing the novel could be based on the fact that he had once worked on a ranch and had a certain fascination about it. The novel is set in 1930s America and this can be seen as the cause of the very enduring culmination that takesRead MoreOf Mice and Men1006 Words   |  5 Pagesheart of every novel.† In your view, what are the distinctive ideas explored in Of Mice and Men? Explain how these ideas are developed throughout the novel. Themes are integral and fundamental aspects which render the literature valuable. They usually provide insight into the author’s perception and internalisations of the world in which they live. Set in California during the Great Depression, Of Mice and Men, by Steinbeck, illustrates the hardships experienced by individuals as they roamed theRead MoreOF MICE AND MEN1721 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿In the book Of Mice and Men, the single women that appeared in the book resented herself as an object. The statement Women today are more often treated by men as equals rather than objects can be true or false. A man that goes to Gentleman s Cubs every night is a different man that studies at Harvard Law School. A striper is going to be a different person than a CEO of a successful business. It’s all about how you present yourself. In Of Mice and Men, Curley s wife presents herself in a seductiveRead MoreOf Mice and Men1035 Words   |  5 PagesFriendship of George and Lenny The book Of Mice and Men focuses on the friendship of two migrant workers in California at a time when most of the work was done by people and not by machines.  Ã‚  George was a small man who acted worldly and wise.  Ã‚  Lennie was a huge man that had the mind of a child.  Ã‚  Together George and Lennie would bounce from job to job with no money in their pockets and only the dream of someday owning a place of their own to keep them going.  Ã‚  The two men were not able to stay in one placeRead MoreOf Mice and Men547 Words   |  2 PagesJohn Steinbeck’s landmark novel Of Mice and Men is perhaps best known for its revolutionary telling of two characters that are very different, but have come to rely on each other to survive during the Great Depression. The two characters are men named George and Lenny. George is somewhat of an average fellow who has no real special skills or attributes. Lenny is large and abnormally strong, but unfortunately has the mind of a child. Le nnie looks up to George as if he were a role model. This statementRead MoreMice and Men822 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Of Mice and Men† The Great Depression took place in the United States in the 1930s. Northern California, Salinas Valley was affected by the Great Depression. Many farmers lost their properties and were forced to find other work. Banks were forced to foreclose on mortgages’ and had to collect debts. Hundreds of thousands of farmers packed up their families and few belongings, and headed for California. The Great Depression left many people in poverty and caused them to face unpleasant eventsRead MoreOf Mice and Men1171 Words   |  5 PagesOf Mice and Men by John Steinbeck Q- â€Å"I never seen no piece of jail bait worse than her† what is the reader supposed to think about Curley’s wife? * How is she described by the other characters? * How the author describes her * How she speaks/behaves * Her dreams * Is she the cause of all the trouble Written By Ruqayyah Draey Curley’s wife is not well described and respected by the other characters. She is often looked down upon and discriminated